Corrections (Erratum / Corrigendum)
Erratum is issued when the publisher is responsible for an error (e.g., layout, typesetting, metadata).
Corrigendum is issued when the author identifies an error in the published article that affects the content but not the overall conclusions.
All corrections are published as separate records, clearly linked to the original article and assigned their own DOI.
If an investigation is ongoing or evidence remains inconclusive, the journal may issue an Expression of Concern. This will be published as a separate notice with its own DOI, linked to the original article.
Retractions
A published article may be retracted in the following cases:
Evidence of misconduct (e.g., plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification)
Major errors that invalidate the conclusions
Redundant or duplicate publication
Unethical research or breaches of professional standards.
Retractions are published as separate records, clearly marked as “Retraction,” with their own DOI, and linked to the original article. The original article remains available but is clearly labeled as retracted.
Minor editorial updates (e.g., typographical errors or formatting) that do not affect the scientific interpretation may be corrected directly in the online version without issuing a separate notice.
Requests for corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions may be submitted by:
Authors
Editors
Readers
Institutions
All requests must be submitted in writing to the Editorial Office, including a clear explanation and supporting documentation. Requests are handled confidentially and in accordance with best practices.
Post-publication Concerns
Concerns that indicate potential research misconduct are investigated under the journal’s Research Misconduct and Investigation Procedure. The journal accepts and assesses substantiated post-publication concerns submitted by readers, authors, institutions, or other stakeholders. All concerns are handled confidentially and are guided by the COPE Retraction Guidelines. Where appropriate, the journal may publish a Correction, Retraction, or Expression of Concern, each issued as a separate notice with its own DOI and linked to the original article.
All updates (Corrections, Expressions of Concern, Retractions, and Versioned Replacements) are published as standalone records with their own DOIs, bidirectionally linked to the original article and deposited with Crossref so the Crossmark button reflects the current status.
In rare cases we may publish a versioned replacement (a corrected new version). The version history is documented and linked via Crossmark; the prior version remains accessible with a clear label.
Removals/Withdrawals (rare)
Content may be removed only for legal or serious ethical reasons (e.g., court order). A public notice will explain the reason and bibliographic details, and will be linked to the DOI.
Requests and concerns regarding corrections or retractions should be emailed to the Editorial Office:
✉ editor-be@net.efzg.hr
Subject: Correction/Retraction Request – [Manuscript DOI/Title]
